REVIEW ON VYANGA W.S.R. TO MELASMA AND ITS AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT

Abstract

Vyanga (Melasma) is a common, acquired and symmetrical hyper melanosis characterized by more or less dark brownish maculae, with irregular contour, but clear limits, on photo exposed areas, especially the face, forehead, temples, and more rarely on the nose, eyelids, chin, and upper lips. In Ayurveda, Vyanga (Melasma) has been elaborated as one of the Kshudra Rogas (minor ailments). Vayu aggravated by Krodha (Anger) and Ayasa (Rest), get associated with Pitta and suddenly produces a thin, grey colored circular patch when reaches the face. Both modern and Ayurvedic sciences have considered the use of topical as well as oral medications and their combinations for the treatment of Vyanga (Melasma). In Ayurveda, Vyanga (Melasma) has been treated both by Antah-Parimarjan (Internal Intervention) and Bahi-Parimarjana (External Intervention) Chikitsa (Treatment). Though, several Ayurvedic texts such as Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Samgraha & Hridaya, etc., have elaborated the pathophysiology and treatment of Vyanga (Melasma), the available references are scattered. The treatment for Vyanga (Melasma) in Ayurveda is devoid of side effects it is very effective and it promises to stop the recurrence. The detailed description of its Hetu (causative factors), Samprapti (prognosis), the treatment (local and internal) is given in Ayurved Samhitas. Thus, there is need of in-depth review and compilation of Ayurvedic texts and literatures. This review may be helpful in better understanding of comparative pathophysiology and management of Vyanga (Melasma).