OBESITY (STHAULYA) AS A CONSEQUENCE OF LIFESTYLE CHOICES: A REVIEW

Abstract

Introduction: In the modern era, rapid modernization, sedentary lifestyles, and the abundance of nutrition have significantly contributed to a surge in Lifestyle diseases or non-communicable diseases, which have now emerged as a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Among these, obesity (Sthaulya) is a major nutritional lifestyle disorder affecting both developed and developing nations. The prevalence of obesity continues to rise globally, largely due to alterations in lifestyle patterns, encompassing dietary habits, daily activities, and psychological factors (Ahara, Vihara, Mansika), as well as changing occupational environments. Obesity is characterized by excessive body weight and abnormal fat accumulation, primarily resulting from caloric overconsumption and inadequate physical activity. Over time, this condition predisposes individuals to severe health complications, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and arthritis, while also reducing life expectancy and diminishing overall quality of life. In Ayurveda, Sthaulya is described as a condition arising from the vitiation of Doshas, wherein the transformation of nutrients is impaired, leading to excessive formation of Medo Dhatu (adipose tissue), while the remaining Dhatus of the body receive inadequate nourishment. Aim and objectives: To understand the pathophysiology of obesity from an Ayurvedic perspective. and evaluate the effect of lifestyle on obesity. Material and Methods: A review was carried out using classical Ayurvedic texts like Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya, as well as modern medical books, journals, and online databases. Conclusion: Adopting a balanced lifestyle, engaging in regular physical activity, and effectively managing emotional stress are essential strategies for the prevention and management of obesity.