Original Article
Year: 2023 |Volume: 4 | Issue: 02 |Pages: 21-30
An observational study to assess the symptoms of suppression of sleep-in night duty doctors, nurses and engineers.
About Author
Correspondence Address:
Dr.Prithvi Bhat Second year P.G. Scholar, Department of Kayachikitsa, Alva’s Ayurveda Medical College, Moodbidri-574227, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, India. Email: prithvigurumane@gmail.com, Contact No.7349158836
Date of Acceptance: 2023-02-04
Date of Publication:2023-02-15
Article-ID:IJIM_218_02_23 http://ijim.co.in
Source of Support: Nill
Conflict of Interest: None declared
How To Cite This Article: Bhat Prithvi, P .S. Swathilakshmi, Purohit Rohini, Shetty Susheel. An observational study to assess the symptoms of suppression of sleep-in night duty doctors, nurses and engineers. Int J Ind Med 2023;4(2):21-30
Abstract
Introduction: Ayurveda explains the adverse effects of Vegadharana , i.e. the urges which are suppressed by force. Suppression of sleep is one among them. There are certain professions where suppression of sleep becomes inevitable, which includes night duty doctors, nurses and engineers. Hence this study is intending to understand the health status of these professionals. Objectives: To evaluate the concept of Suppression of sleep and its effect in Night duty workers. Materials and methods: In this observational study 30 samples were selected randomly based on above mentioned profession. Questionnaire was framed and sent through google form. The data collected was analysed using Graphpad software. Results : Out of 30 samples, statistical significant results were obtained in factors of Apakti(Indigestion), Angamarda(Body pain) and Akshigourava(Heaviness in the eyes). Conclusion : The study shed light on the relevance of Vegadhara concept which in turn would help to treat these symptoms as per the principles of Vegadharana. Hence the symptoms formed are due to sleep suppression at night, inspite of many these individuals covering up the loss of sleep during day. It indicates that their nature of work must be considered seriously and steps to be taken to improve their health.
Keywords: Nidra, Vegadharana, Bhootadhatri, Trayopasthambha
Introduction
Nidra is considered as Bhootadhatri as it is an absolute necessity of all living beings 1 and is one of the Trayopasthambha.2 Ayurveda highlights the significance of Adhaaraneeyavegas in general which means: the urges not to be suppressed by force. “Vegasandharanam Anarogyakaranam” 3 i.e. suppressing natural urges is responsible for manifestation of disease. Concept of Vegadharana is explained by Bhrihatrayees in detail. Acharya Charaka mentioned it in Navegandharaneeyam Adhyaya 4, Acharya Sushruta mentioned in Udavarta Pratishedha Adhyaya5 and Acharya Vagbhata mentioned it in Rogaanutpadaneeya Adhyaya. 6 There are certain professions where Nidravegadharana becomes inevitable, which includes night duty doctors, nurses and engineers. Hence this observational study is intended to analyse the relation between Suppression of sleep and its lakshanas which are mentioned in our classics.
Objectives : To study the effect of Suppression of sleep in Night duty Doctors, Nurses and Engineers.
Hypothesis
H0 : There is no statistical significant relation between effect of Suppression of sleep and its symptoms in Night duty Doctors, Nurses and Engineers.
H1 : There is a statistical significant relation between effect of Suppression of sleep and its symptoms in Night duty Doctors, Nurses and Engineers.
Materials and Methods
Source of data :-
Literary source
Ayurvedic literatures, journals were reviewed and documented for the planned study.
Sample source: Total of 30 samples were selected randomly from professions like Night duty Doctors , nurses and Engineers .
Methods of collection of data
- Study design – Observational study
- Selection - Selection was done irrespective of gender, religion, marital status and those fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected .
- Total sample size- 30 subjects
- Assessment criteria- A set of questionnaires were framed in Google form on the basis of Lakshanas of Suppression of sleep and sent to the subjects who were fulfilling the inclusion criteria.
Statistical analysis :
- Parameters of symptoms were scored and analysed statistically by Pearson’s Correlation using Graphpad software.
- Inclusion criterias :
- Subjects of both genders.
- Subjects working daily at night time for a minimum duration of 15 days.
Exclusion criterias :
- Subjects working daily at night time for less than 4 hours.
Assessment of subject :
Subjective parameters
- Angamarda (Body pain )
- Shirogourava (Heaviness in the head )
- Jrumbha (Yawning )
- Jadya/ Alasya ( Laziness )
- Glani ( Tiredness )
- Bhrama ( Giddiness )
- Tandra (Fatigue )
- Akshigourava ( Heaviness in the Eyes )
- Ajeerna /Apakti ( Indigestion )
Questionnaire
- NAME AND DESIGNATION.
- Total work duration at night time.
- Total sleep duration in day time.
- Total sleep duration at night time.
- Do you feel pain all over the body?
- Do you yawn during day time?
- Do you prefer sitting during day time?
- Do you feel exhausted during day time?
- Do you feel giddiness during day time?
- Do you feel heaviness in the head/ eyes?
- Are you suffering from indigestion ?
- Whether you are taking food on time?
- Do you suffer from constipation?
- Do you suffer from gastritis?
Gradings
- NEVER: 0
- OCCASIONALLY : 1
- MOST OF THE TIME : 2
- ALWAYS : 3
Observations and results:
Observations related to present study is given below in the form of pie chart.
Out of 30 samples, 21 people were suffering from constipation. When we analyse their working hours during night we found that they were all working for more than 8 hours and when their food habits were observed it was found that 10 were not taking food on time.
Out of 30 samples, 13 people were working for more than 10 hours during night. When we analyse them we found that 12 members were having gastritis and 7 members had indigestion.
Out of 30 samples, 13 people were sleeping during day time for 6 hours. When we analyse them, all were suffering from giddiness and indigestion.
Statistical Analysis
When we analysed the data using Pearson’s Correlation test, following were the results-
|
Total sleep duration at night time vs Body pain |
Significant |
|
Total sleep duration at night time vs Yawn during day time |
Non significant |
|
Total sleep duration at night time vs Prefer sitting |
Non significant |
|
Total sleep duration at night time vs Exhaustion during day time |
Non significant |
|
Total sleep duration at night time vs Heaviness of eyes/head |
Significant |
|
Total sleep duration at night time vs Indigestion |
Non significant |
|
Total sleep duration at night time vs Taking food on time |
Significant |
|
Total sleep duration at night time vs Constipation |
Significant |
|
Total sleep duration at night time vs Gastritis |
Significant |
Discussion
Out of 30 samples, 67% of people had Constipation and 97% of people had Gastritis. Satata Jagarana causes Agnimandya, leading to formation of Aama where Malasanga is one of the Lakshanas.7 Jagarana is one of the most important cause of Agnidushti.8 .
SatataJagarana also leads toPittadushti. Amla guna of Pitta increases and Vidagdhajeerna occurs, leading to Amlapitta.9Outof 30 samples, 96% of people had Angamarda. Due to Vegadharana, Vataprakopa occurs and it leads Angamarda.10 Out of 30 samples, 80% of people had Akshigourava. SatataJagarana will leads to Agnidushti followed by formation of Aama. Aama causes Gouravata.11
Conclusion
Suppression of sleep is unavoidable part of Night duty Doctors, Nurses and Engineers. This study is a primitive effort to find the relation of effect of Suppression of sleep on health status of Night duty workers. In this study most of the workers are suffering from Apakthi i.e. indigestion, gastritis, constipation, not taking food on time are observed. Other lakshanas like Angamarda, Shirogourava, Jrumbha, Alasya, Glani, Bhrama, Tandra, Akshigourava were also observed in this study.
It is proved that the theory of Ayurveda about the suppression of sleep and its symptoms holds good in present era also. From this study ,it can be concluded that without suppressing the nidravega, individual can stay healthy, happy and can prevent the diseases concerned to suppression of sleep.
References
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1)Agnivesha, Acharya Charaka ,Charaka Samhita, Ayurveda Deepika commentry , Chakrapanidatta , Edited by Vaidya YadavjiTrikamji Acharya , Chowkamba Orientalia, varanasi , Reprint edition 2014 , p-119
2) Agnivesha, Acharya Charaka ,Charaka Samhita, Ayurveda Deepika commentry , Chakrapanidatta , Edited by Vaidya YadavjiTrikamji Acharya , Chowkamba Orientalia, varanasi , Reprint edition 2014 , Sutra Sthana 11/35 ,p-74
3) Agnivesha, Acharya Charaka ,Charaka Samhita, Ayurveda Deepika commentry , Chakrapanidatta , Edited by Vaidya YadavjiTrikamji Acharya , Chowkamba Orientalia, varanasi , Reprint edition 2014 , Sutra Sthana 25/ ,p-74
4) Agnivesha, Acharya Charaka ,Charaka Samhita, Ayurveda Deepika commentry , Chakrapanidatta , Edited by Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji Acharya , Chowkamba Orientalia, varanasi , Reprint edition 2014 , Sutrasthana 7, p-50
5) Divodasa Dhanvantari, Sushruta Samhita, elaborated by Sushruta with NibandhaSamgraha commentary by Dalhana and NyayachandrikaPanjika by Gayadasa edited by ‘Vaidya JadavjiTrikamjiAacharya’ and ‘Narayan Ram Aacharya’, published by Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi, Reprint 2014, Uttara Sthana 55/17 ,p-778
6) Vagbhata, Ashtanga Hridaya with Sarvangasundara commentary of ArunaDatta, Ayurveda Rasayana of Hemadri edited BhishagacharyaHarisastriPardakaraVaidya, Reprint 2005 Sutra Sthana 4/12 , p-55
7) Vagbhata, Ashtanga Hridaya with Sarvangasundara commentary of ArunaDatta, Ayurveda Rasayana of Hemadri edited BhishagacharyaHarisastriPardakaraVaidya, Reprint 2005 Sutra Sthana 13/23-24
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