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International Journal of Indian Medicine
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ISSN: 2582-7634

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Review Article


Year: 2020 |Volume: 1 | Issue: 4 |Pages: 131-141


SYSTEMIC REVIEW OF AMRUTMANJIRI, A POTENT AYURVED HERBOMINERAL COMBINATION AGAINST COVID-19 PANDEMIC.

About Author

Usha Rajput1 , Meenakshi Amrutkar2 , Ashvini Deshmukh3 , Sandeep Rajput4

1PG scholar,RSBK, Dr. G D Pol Fondation’s YMTAMC,Kharghar,Navi Mumbai., Maharashtra

2PG guide, Associate Professor, RSBK Dr. G D Pol Fondation’s YMTAMC,Kharghar,Navi Mumbai., Maharashtra

3Associate Professor, RSBK,Dr. G D Pol Fondation’s YMTAMC,Kharghar,Navi Mumbai., Maharashtra

4Associate Professor, Balrog, Dr. G D Pol Fondation’s YMTAMC,Kharghar,Navi Mumbai., Maharashtra

Correspondence Address:

Dr. Usha Rajput(PG scholar,RSBK) Dr. G D Pol Fondation’s YMTAMC,Kharghar, Navi Mumbai. Email id- usharajput2014@gmail.com

Date of Acceptance: 2020-07-13

Date of Publication:2020-08-01

Article-ID:IJIM_19_08_20 http://ijim.co.in

Source of Support: Nil

Conflict of Interest: Nil

How To Cite This Article: Usha Rajput, et al. Systemic review of Amrutmanjiri, A Potent Ayurved Herbomineral Combination Against Covid-19 Pandemic. Int. J Ind. Med. 2020;1(4):131-141.

Abstract

A Novel corona virus was identified as the causative agent and was subsequently termed COVID-19 by the World Health Organization and there is no scientific treatment for the disease till date. Ayurveda is a science of life main focus of ayurveda to cure the disease root causes and maintain the health of healthy individuals. Amrutmanjiri ras is a compound drug used in sannipataj jwar , Kasa Shwas, Aamavat, The content present in Amrutmanjiri are having properties such as antiviral ,expectorant, reducing infection of upper respiratory tract. An Amrutmanjiri content has been included in Indian pharmacopeia as well as in literature of many other ancient civilization. In Ayurveda Amrutmanjiri is one of the important medicine which is been referred in many texts with many therapeutic uses. Thus the content of Amrutmanjiri is found to have prominent antiviral activity .so we can use Amrutmanjiri as Antiviral Drug.

Keywords: Amrutmanjiri, Sannipatik jwar , Covid -19 treatment , Fever , Saam jwar, Aamvat

Introduction

COVID-19 is caused by Beta corona virus named SARS-CoV-2 that affect the lower respiratory tract and manifest as pneumonia in Humans[1] , structurally the SARS corona virus (SARS-CoV) has a well – defined composition comprising 14 binding residues that directly interact with human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2.of these amino acids , 8 have been conserved in SARS CoV-2[2]. Most SARS-CoV-2 infected patients have developed mild symptoms such as dry cough, sore throat, and fever. The majority of cases have spontaneously resolved. However, some have developed various fatal complications including organ failure, septic shock, pulmonary oedema, severe pneumonia, and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)[3]At present, no effective antiviral treatment or vaccine is available for COVID-19. However, a randomized multicentre controlled clinical trial is currently underway to assess the efficacy and safety of patients with COVID-19 (ChiCTR2000029573). First-line treatment for fevers includes antipyretic therapy such as paracetamol, while ex- pectorants such as guaifenesin may be used for a non-productive cough. [4]There are currently few studies that define the patho physiological characteristics of COVID-19, and there is great uncertainty regarding its mechanism of spread. Current knowledge is largely derived from similar corona viruses, which are transmitted from human-to-human through respiratory fumets [5]Same in ayurveda sankramik disease.

Ancient wisdom has been the basis of modern medicine and therapeutics. An impressive number of drugs have been isolated from natural sources. Many of this isolation are based on the use of these agents in traditional medicine. Amrutmanjiri ras are mentioned in our classics, among which the familiar one which is described in Bhaishajya ratnavali has been taken for review in this article. Man has been using Natural products, including plants, animals and minerals have been the basis of treatment of disease. In the History of human The disease which persist at the time of death is jwara (HYPER PYREXIA), In Ayurveda jwara is given top most importance because it is believed that jwara is the first disease to trouble mankind and it becomes the basic for other disease to exist. Many type of jwaras are explained by our acharyas/scholars and one of them is sannipataj jwara[6] .

AMRUTMANJIRI IN DETAIL[7]

Amrutmanjiri rasa an Ayurvedic herb mineral formulation is indicated in the management of jwara (Hyper pyrexia) and Sannipataj jwara. It contains two mineral drugs and five herbal drugs.

Matra-125 to 250 mg

Anupan-Aadrak swaras, Madhu,Tambul patraras, Ushndak.

Swad- Aamla.

Varna- Raktabha

Indication of Amrutmanjiri – Sannipat jwara,Aagnimandya, Aajirna, Aamavat, Kasa five types, Shwasa, Sarvang graham, Jirnajwara, Kshya.


Table 1 showing Amrutmanjiri Ingredients In detail-

1)Shuddha Hingul (Cinnabar)

Therapeutic Utility of Shuddha Hingula [15,16,17] -Shuddha Hingula (cinnabar) when judiciously used in the form of suitable compound formulation and in proper dosage is beneficial in all types of eye diseases (Netra Roga Hara), it mitigates all the three vitiated Doshas. It is good appetizer, rejuvenator and aphrodisiac. It is the best remedy for the disorders of liver, pancreas, rheumatoid (arthritis Aamavata), diabetes mellitus (Prameha) and fever, is nutritive, It enhances body strength, memory, facial glow and power of digestion. Cinnabar is used as sedative for its neuroactvity [18]. HgS adjust the imbalance of Pro-oxidant and Antioxidant, provides a protective effect in oxidative stress which is induced by Hypoxia[19] .

2)Vatsanabh

Vatsanabh is having properties like Rasayan(rejuvenating) Balavardhanam( improve strength and immunity), jwarahara[20] (useful in fever) , Shirashool[21] Vatsanabh acts as Yogavahi –a catalyst for other medicine Vatsanabh used with equal quantity of tankan (purified Borax) and double quantity of black paper (Marich)[22] will not have any toxic effects.  It is also Rasayan , Sukhaprada, Balya, Shwas Kasa Bhagandar Gulma, Pandu, Aarsha.[23]

3)Tankana(Borax)

 Tankan contain Na2B4O7 10H2O which is composed of boric acid and soda[24].

As antidote-

Tankan is might be to minimize toxic effects of Vatsanabh. This concept highlights the antidote property of Tankan in Vatsanabh toxicity.[25]

Wound healing -

Tankan is used in the process of repair that follows injury to the skin and other soft tissues. The objective in wound management is to heal the wound in the shortest time possible, with minimal pain, discomfort, and scarring to the patient.[26]

 Another Uses-

  -It is used in the treatment of cough, bronchitis.

-It is also used in treating food poisoning.

-It improves digestion power, relieves bloating.

-It induces menstruation in women suffering with amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea (Scanty menstrual flow).

-It is useful in dandruff Tankan is applied on hair and keeps for 5 to 10 min and washes out.

-It is useful ulceration of mouth and cracks and fissures of tongue.

-Dose varying from 10-30 grains are given in prolonged labour.

-Useful in other uterine infection.

-Useful in chronic tonsillitis.

The gargling with Tankan bhasma dissolved water gives significant result in relieving the tonsillitis [27].

4)Marich

Pharmacological Activities of P. Nigrum - Anti-diarrheal[28] , Antimicrobial[29], Antioxidant[3o], Anticancer[31] and tumour reduction activity[32], Antihypertensive[33] , Anti-asthmatic, Anti-inflammatory [34],  Anti-obesity[35], Antidiabetic[36], Hepatoprotective activity [37], Digestive activity[38],  Antidepressant[39], Analgesic and Antipyretic activity [40], Anti-adipogenesis activity[41] , Effects in metabolism[42], Effects in neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment [43], Effect in Bioavailability[44], Toxicity activity[45], Effects in stomach[46],  Effect in bile secretion[47] , Effect in pharmacokinetic of drugs[48].

5)Pimpali

Pharmacological Activity of Piper longum :-Insecticidal and acaricidal activity[49]:, Antifungal activity[50] , Antiamoebic activity[51], Antimicrobial activity[52], Effect on respiratory system[53], Antiasthmatic activity[54], Effect on cardiovascular system[55] , Antidiabetic activity[56], Hypochoesterolaemic activity[57] , Antioxidant activity[58] , Analgesic activity [59] , Anti-inflammatory activity [60], Immunomodulatory activity[62] , Anti-cancer activity[62] , Anti-depressant activity[63] , Antiulcer activity[64] , Effect on Reproductive system[65] , Bioavailability enhancement [66], Hepatoprotective activity[67].  

  6)Javitri.

 Pharmacological Activity- Anti-bacterial, Anti-microbial and Anti-fungal property [68] – Effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbes . Hypoglycemic and antidiabetic activities [69] – It is potential anti-diabetic agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes study done in rats. Hypolipidaemic and platelets anti-aggregatory activity [70]- Reducescholesterol in heart and liverLDL and VLDL levels were also significantly reduced in albino rat study.Hepatoprotective activity[71] – due to the inhibition of Tubour Necrosis Factor(TNF)-alpha release from macrophages in mice ,Anti-inflammatory activity [72] – The anti-inflamatory property of myristicin might be due to inhibition of chemokines , cytokines , nitrous oxide and growth factors in double stranded RNA stimulated macrophages via the calcium pathway, Anticancer activity[73] , Memory enhancing activity [74], Aphrodisiac activity[75] , Anti-diarrhoeal activity[76] , Antidepressant activity[77] , Anti-oxidant activity[78] , Pesticide activity: insecticidal[79]

7)Jambir

Anticancer activity [80] – Inhibition of the proliferation of cancer cells . Activation of “TRAIL” apoptotic cell death .Inhibition of tumour growth in chronic erogenous leukaemia (CML)

Antioxident activity[81] – Augmentation of antioxidant cellular defences via ERK/Nrf2 signalling pathway.

 Anti-inflammatory activity [82]Antibacterial activity [83] – Inhibiting activity against Gram –positive bacteria ,Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtitles, Inhibiting activity against Gram – negative bacteria Salmonela typhimurium, Shigella sonnei , Helicobacter pylori.

 Antifungal activity [84] – Inhibition activity against Candida glabrata strains.

Antiviral activity [85] – Inhibition of replication of herpase simplex

Anti-allergic activity [86] – Inhibition of histamine secretion in peretonial cell of rats.

 Hepatogenerative activity[87] – Normalization of alanine aminotraneferase, alkaline phospatase and bilirubine.

 Prevention of diabetes and treatment of its symptoms [88]– Inhibition of Gluconeogenesis, Reducing wound healing time,Increasing tissue growth rate , collagen synthesis and protein and hydroxyproline concentration.

Anti obesity activity [89] – Lowering blood lipids, Reducing the level of insulin, leptin and adiponectin in the blood

Effect on cardiovascular system[90] – Limiting myocardial damage, Decreasing blood fibrinogen, Lowering blood pressure in people with hypertension.

Effects on nervous system [91] – Strengthen short term memory.

Effects on the respiratory system [92] – Treatment in chronic pneumonia

Effects on skeletal system [93] – Increases bone density, Decreases osteoclast activity, Decreasing bone resorption activity (nomilin)

Treatment on menstrual disorder [94] – Period induction in case of irregular menstrual cycles.

Discussion

COVID-19 Which is caused by droplet infection of corona virus and enters in to body through Nasal and Buccal mucosa and increases in number. it primarily acts on respiratory system and patient may develop Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Amrutmanjiri is usefl in Aamashaya udbhavjanya vyadhi such as,Sannipataj jwarw Shwas, Kasa Jwara Aamavata. Main cause of sannipataj jwara is aama and Aam is nothing but the Endogenous toxins. Formed due to digestive error , metabolic error ,immunological reaction and hypersensitivity reaction. Amrutmanjiri is having Krumighna property due to which it acts as Antiviral, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Anticancer and Antimicrobial activity.

Amrutmanjiri is having immunomodulatory activity which is useful to avoil the disease also having the swedakar property which is responsible to reduce the jwarw (hyper pyrexia) and act on all type of vyadhi. Due to these properties of Amrutmanjiri we can use it in COVID-19 disease . 

Conclusion

As the Amrutmanjiri ras is indicated in shwas, kaas, jwar, sarvanggrah, kshay, etc. And same symptoms were found in COVID -19, so we canbe used amrutmanjiri ras in COVID-19 symptomatically. This is my small efforts, how this medicine will act by their ingredients doshaghnata as well as by their qualities. But there is a need of further preclinical study.

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