Review Article
Year: 2020 |Volume: 1 | Issue: 5 |Pages: 199-202
Mutra Pariksha – An Ancient Ayurvedic Method of Urine Examination
About Author
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Shantibhushan R Handur, Professor & HOD Department of Samhita – Siddhanta SSRAMC & H Inchal, Ta- Savadatti Dist- Belagavi EMAIL ID: drshantibhushanhandur@gmail.com Mobile no. 9620979380
Date of Acceptance: 2020-09-02
Date of Publication:2020-08-20
Article-ID:IJIM_26_09_20 http://ijim.co.in
Source of Support: nil
Conflict of Interest: nil
How To Cite This Article: Shantibhushan R Handur. Mutra Pariksha – An Ancient Ayurvedic Method of Urine Examination. Int. J Ind. Med. 2020;1(5):199-202
Abstract
Mutra is important waste product of the body and its examination yields valuable information for the diagnosis and prognosis of the diseases and also health. Ayurveda consider mutra as mala of Ahara. Mutra pariksha – Taila bindu pariksha is a diagnostic tool of urine examination developed by the medieval ayurvedic scholars and throw a light on the prognosis of the disease condition. Utilization of such diagnostic tools helps the Physician to rule out exact diseased condition and stage to give proper treatment. In Ayurveda our acharyas mentioned that first we must diagnose the disease and later give the treatment. Hence such pariksha helps the physician to access properly treatment and plan accordingly. This article is aimed at using this ancient wisdom to study the diseases by Mutra Pariksha.
Keywords: Mutra Pariksha, Taila bindu, Urine, Diagnosis, Prognosis.
Introduction
Mutra is the important waste product of the body for determination of both Health and ill Health. Mutra pariksha has been given special attention in some texts like Yogaratnakara, Basavarajiyam, Chikitsa sara etc. Ayurveda explains the concept of formation of Mutra as an outcome of the digested food and the seat of its production is Pakvashaya. The food is stated to be separated in to two parts as sarabhaga and kitta bhaga. The kitta is comprises of solid and liquids. The liquid portion which is absorbed, circulated and finally carried to Vikkras and eliminated from the body as Mutra. Examination of color, appearance, consistency of such produced Mutra special technique was developed to diagnose the disease condition by Ayurveda scholars.
Collection of Mutra:
The patient should be asked to collect urine in the morning around 5 clock either in a clean oval shaped open earthen pot or clean vessel. This should be maintained stable condition, clearly and carefully examined during sunrise.
Examination method of Mutra:
1. Darshana – Examination for determining the Varna (color), sandrata
( constience),samyoga (Admixture)and Taila bindu gati(spread of oil drop poured in urine).
2. Sparsana – The examiner dips finger in to the specimen to detect qualities like Sita(cold), ushna(hot), Snigdha (greasy), Pichila(slimmy).
3. Gandha – The normal and abnormal smell of the urine to be examined.
4. Rasana- It is usually not done directly. In ancient times the physicians used to observe the swarming of flies, ants and other insects to the urinepot or the place where the patient has urinated.
5. Taila bindu pariksha
1.Sweta
Udakameha, Manasika udwega, Atijalapana, vatavyadhis, Yoshapasmara.
2.Pita/ Haridra
Pitta vruddi, Jwara,Kamala, Pittaja prameha like haridra meha, Amavata, Raktapitta
3. Shukla
Kaphaja prameha such as pistameha,siktameha, majja roga.
4.Krsna
Sannipataja jwara, vrukka sopha, kalameha
5. Kala harita
Raktaja rogas, Arista lakshana
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Table no. 1 Vaivarnya of Mutra (Discoloration of Urine)
|
1.Sweta |
Udakameha, Manasika udwega, Atijalapana, vatavyadhis, Yoshapasmara. |
|
2.Pita/ Haridra |
Pitta vruddi, Jwara,Kamala, Pittaja prameha like haridra meha, Amavata, Raktapitta |
|
3. Shukla |
Kaphaja prameha such as pistameha,siktameha, majja roga. |
|
4.Krsna |
Sannipataja jwara, vrukka sopha, kalameha |
|
5. Kala harita |
Raktaja rogas, Arista lakshana |
Table no. 2 Gandha Vikruti
|
1.Nirgandha |
Udaka meha |
|
2.Amla gandha |
Nila meha |
|
3. Madhu gandha |
Madhumeha |
|
4.Visra gandha |
Meda kshaya, Prameha |
|
5.Basta gandha |
Ashmari purva rupa |
|
6.Puti gandha |
Ashmari, vrukka roga |
|
7.Madhura gandha |
Arista Lakshana |
table no. 3 Sparsha gunas:
|
1.Sita |
Kapha vruddi, Kaphaja prameha, Arista lakshana |
|
2.Ushna |
Pitta vruddi , Pittaja prameha, Tikshna vega jwara |
|
3.Snigdha |
Kapha vruddi, Udara roga |
|
4.Ruksha |
Vata vruddi, Ksaudra meha |
Discussion
table no. 4 Gati and Akruti
|
Gati(Mode of spread) |
Akruti(Shape) |
Condition |
|
1.Floats like a boat |
Resembles a snake length wise |
Vata vruddi |
|
2.Bubbles appear , spilts in to small drops |
Assumes the shape of umbrella or ring |
Pitta vruddi |
|
3. Stays like pearl |
Resembles like seive |
Kapha vruddi |
|
4. No spread at all |
Sinks |
Sannipataja vruddi |
|
5.South ward spread |
Resembles a man with two heads |
Bhuta dosha |
|
6. Slow or rapid spread towards East , West or North |
Resembles lotus flower, jasmine, conch, swan, gaja, vrushaba |
Sadhya Lakshana |
|
7. Spreads towards Dakshina , agneya, nairutya, vayavya, ishanya |
Sinks in urine , moves without spreading |
Asadhya Lakshana |
Taila bindu Pariksha:
This is the method of urine examination which is claimed to be of great value in determining the condition of the doshas, diagnosis and prognosis of the diseases.
Procedure:
A small quantity of urine is taken in a broad glass vessel and kept undisturbed in a place free from breeze and other kinds of disturbing factors. A moderate sized drop of Tila taila is taken with a stick and allowed to fall on the surface of the urine from a height of two to three inches, gently without disturbing the urine. The fate of the oil drop is carefully observed for its spread and assuming different shapes etc.
Conclusion
In today’s modern medical practices, there is plethora of urina (Mutra) diagnostic procedures available. It may be burden to the patients financily. Mutra pariksha which is mentioned by Ayurveda Scholars will not only prove economical, but also is a time positive tested and scientific proven method. More in depth study needed to be done to standardize the procedure and make it more scientifically acceptable.
References
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- Dr. Indradev Tripathi and Dr. Daya Shankar Tripathi, Yogaratnakara with Vidyaprabha Hindi Commentary, Chaukambha krishnadas academy, Varanasi, 3rd edition 2011.
- Prof. K.R. Srikantamurthy, Clinical methods in Ayurveda, Chaukambha orientalia, Varanasi, 3rd edition 2002, p 681-690.
- Rangacharya V. Basavarajeeyam, New delhi, CCRAS Publications, 2007 p137-142.
- Pavana kumar sanghu, vanita murali kumar, prasanna kumar tirupati, Article “A study on taila bindu pariksha – An Ancient Ayurvedic Method of Urine examination as a Diagnostic & Prognostic tool , AYU- An international quarterly journal of research in Ayurveda, volume 32, 2011.
- R.K.Jakhnola, Article “Description of Mutra Pariksha in Atreya Virachita Sara Sangraha” Ayurveda University, Jamanagara, Gujarat, AYU- An international quarterly journal of research in Ayurveda, 2011.
- Neha Tiwari, Akhilesh Shrivastava, Article Taila Bindu Pariksha – a prognostic tool, RGGPGAMC, Parola, Himachal Pradesh, IMAJ JOURNAL.
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